Feeder for ingot molds



June 21, 1932. B HOWARD 1,863,559

FEEDER FOR INGOT MOLDS Filed June 18, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented June 21, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT" OFFICE FEEDER. FOR moor MOLDS Y Application filed June 18, 1929. semi No. 371,776.

My invention relates to improvements in feeders for ingot molds.

The present invention'relates broadly to the art of metal founding and more particularly to an improved means for feeding the shrinkage caused by solidification or cooling of relatively large bodies of metalsuch as ingots and is an improvement on my application for Improvements in feeders for ingot molds, filed December 12, 1927, Serial No.

The present invention has for one of its objects, the provision of a feeder adapted to cooperate with the upper end of the ingot mold and so constructed as to contain a maximum of liquid metal under such conditions that the effective area of the ingot mold is not substantially reduced and in such manner that the minimum reduction of heat with a 0 maximum head of molten metal is available at all times. 7

The invention contemplates the utilization of a feeder having the maximum cross'sectional area at'its lower end and exterior therefrom, with an upwardly and inwardly curved wall portion terminating at its upper end into a relatively restricted opening of substantial contour communicating at its upper end directly to the atmosphere.

The invention further contemplates the provision of such reserved body of metal preferably entirely above the plane of the top edge of the mold to thereby preserve the maximum capacity of the mold and give the '35 desired head. It further contemplates that the utilization of the interior walls of such contour that the radiation of heat from the molten metal combined thereby, is reduced'to a minimum, radiation being restricted by the 40 reflection back upon the molten metal of heat rays emanatingtherefrom.

Another object of the invention is to provide feeders of this character in which the curved walls are provided with large numbers of radiating faces to radiate theheat back upon the molten metal and of a contour whereby the molten metal will not strongly adhere thereto,'but allow the more ready feeding of the molten metal to the ingot as it solidifies. The use of curved walls of many surfaces is of particular advantage in that a decrease in the level of the molten metal within the feeder increases the rapid pulling away of such metal from the curved walls, or in other words,'pro,vides areas of rapidly increasing cross section for the reception of metal as it moves downwardly. In this manner the tendency of the metal to adhere to the inner wall ofthe feeders is reduced and the entire body of metal is efieco tive for forcing a supply of molten'metal into the body of the ingot to feed shrinkage.

Another object of the invention is to provide a relatively small opening to feed the molten metal therethrough and effectively 5 minimize heat radiation of the molten-metal within the feeder. The substantially straight cylindrical wall portions forming the opening to the atmosphere provide a sufficient body of feeder material to effectively resist cracking or spilling with the consequent disadvantage caused'by the presence of refractory material within the body of the ingot.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a prospective view of a feeder applied to a mold and embodying this invention'.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of Figure 1. Y V

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View of a slightly modified form of feeder.

Figure 4 is a top plane view showing a. modified form of the multiple heat reflecting walls.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of a further modified form of feeder.

Figure 6 isa sectional view similarto Figure 5 showing the multiple heat reflecting walls extending to the lower end of the feeder. I Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of. a still further modified form of feeder.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view similar to Figure 7 showing the multiple heat reflecting walls extending to the lowerend of the feeder.

In the accompanying drawings V 1 represents the mold and- 2 the feeder which is preferably of a cylindrical form adapted to fit within the bore of the mold and having the outwardly supporting ribs or ears 3 arranged on all the sides for supporting the feeder within the upper end of the mold. The feeder which is provided with a bore and through the maximum diameter of which is atthe lower end of the feeder and the interior walls of said bore are curved upwardly and inwardly from said maximum diameter or cross sectional area to the minimum diameter or cross sectional area, terminating into the restricted filling opening 4 at the extreme upper end of the feeder. The walls 5 of the bore of the feeder are serrated or corrugated, said serrations -or corruga-' tions extending from the top to the bottom of thefeeder forming an opening through the feeder having numerous narrow faces whereby the heat is more effectively reflected back upon the molten metal and also preventing the metal of the ingot from strongly adhering thereto, to allow the free shrinkage of the ingot as it gradually solidifies. In Figures 1 and 2, I have shown serrations while in Figure4 I. have shown the bore of the feeder having corrugations 6.

In the modificationsshown in Figure 3 of the drawings the feeder is constructed the same as shown in Figures 1 and 2 on its exterior, but the bore 8 of the feeder has its maximum diameter starting from the lower end of the feeder and its minimum diameter or cross sectional area at the point 9 below the upper end of the feeder and terminating in a vertical opening 10 of the same diameter as the minimum diameter or cross sectional area of the feeder. The walls of theopening '10 are preferably smoothand through this opening the molten metal is poured.

In themodification shown in Figure 5 of the drawings I have shown the feeder 11 havingthe bore 12 of the same diameter from the lower end 13 to the point 14 and from the point 14 upwardly and is curvedinwardly and provided with the serrations or corrugations 15 which terminate, at 16. The minimum diameter or cross sectional area of the bore of the feeder has extending therefrom the smallopening 17, having smooth vertical "Walls. The body of the feeder as shown in Figure 5 has its exterior, surface at its upper end corresponding to the curve of the bore .of the feeder.

In the modification shown in Figure 6 I have shown the feeder 18 constructed on the exterior exactly the same as shown in Figure 5. .In this figurel have shown the corrugations or serrations 19 starting at the extreme lower end of the feeder its maximum cross sectional area and terminating at 20. The

minimum diameter or cross sectional area exterior contour of the feeder 22 is the same ting Wall having manyfaces. I

tions or serrations 28which extend from the maximum diameter or cross sectional area to the minimumdiameter or cross sectional area. The modification shown in Figure 8, the feeder 29 is of the same construction as that shownin Figure 7, buthas the corrugations 30 extending from the lower. end of the feeder upwardly throughout themaximum diameter or cross sectional area to the minimum cross sectional area or diameter to the opening31. Y r

.Having thus fully described. my invention, what I claim is v V 1. A, feeder for ingot molds comprising a heat retaining body portion adapted to cooperate with the upper end of a mold and havingits interior walls provided with many reflecting faces extending upwardly; and .curvedinwardly and terminating in an openmg. V V x 2. A feeder for ingot molds comprising a heat retaining body, adapted to. cooperate withthe upper end of the mold having a portion of minimum cross sectional area, and a portion of maximum cross sectional area connected by an upwardly andinwardly extend- 3. A feeder for. ingot molds comprising a heat retaining body adapted to cooperate with the upper end of the mold and comprising a portion of minimum cross sectional area and a portion of maximum crosssectional area with an upwardly and inwardly curved wall portion ofmany faces extending between-and defining said. areas, andwith a relatively restricted opening communicating at its lower end to the portion of minimum area,

4. A feeder for ingot molds comprising a heat retaining body adapted to cooperate with the upper end ofa mold, and defining a metal containing opening of --minimum cross section-a1 area gradually merging into a portion of maximum cross sectional area and defined by an upwardly and inwardly curved wall of many faces, said feeder having an opening of relatively small diameter at 1t s upper end with substantiallystraight walls of substantially cylindrical contour, the cross section-' al area of said feeder permitting unrestricted downward movement of all metal therein.

5. A feeder for ingot molds comprisingv a heat retaining body ada, ted to be su orted by the upper end of t e ingot mo said member havingan area of minimum diameter in a plane a substanti aldistance above up- 1 per end of the ingot mold, and the area of maximum diameter in a plane adjacent the upper end of the ingot mould and having upwardly and inwardly directed walls of many faces intermediate said area, and having an opening of relatively small diameter at its upper end adapted to minimize the radiation of heat therethrough.

6. In a hot top, a hollow body having a restricted opening at the top and having a heat deflecting wall portion of many faces of relatively large area extending from said opening to the main body portion thereof.

7 In a hot top, a hollow body having a restricted opening at the top and having a heat deflecting wall portion of many faces extending from said opening to substantially the mid-portion thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification.

BLOOMFIELD H. HOWARD. 

